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إرشاد العقل السليم

Abū al-Suʿūd

أبو السعود العمادي (ت ٩٨٢ هـ)

Ottoman and elegant, attentive to why the words fall as they do.

Ash-Shūrā 42:40 Juzʾ 25 Page 487

‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏

And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.

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إرشاد العقل السليم Abū al-Suʿūd

وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ بَيانٌ لِوَجْهِ كَوْنِ الِانْتِصارِ مِنَ الخِصالِ الحَمِيدَةِ مَعَ كَوْنِهِ في نَفْسِهِ إساءَةً إلى الغَيْرِ بِالإشارَةِ إلى أنَّ البادِئَ هو الَّذِي فَعَلَهُ لِنَفْسِهِ فَإنَّ الأفْعالَ مُسْتَتْبِعَةٌ لِأجْزِيَتِها حَتْمًا إنْ خَيْرًا فَخَيْرًا وإنْ شَرًّا فَشَرٌّ، وفِيهِ تَنْبِيهٌ عَلى حُرْمَةِ التَّعَدِّي، وإطْلاقُ السَّيِّئَةِ عَلى الثّانِيَةِ (p-35)لِأنَّها تَسُوءُ مَن نَزَلَتْ بِهِ.

‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ عَنِ المُسِيءِ إلَيْهِ.

‏‏‏‏‏ بَيْنَهُ وبَيْنَ مَن يُعادِيهِ بِالعَفْوِ والإغْضاءِ كَما في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ .

‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏ عِدَةٌ مُبْهَمَةٌ مُنْبِئَةٌ عَنْ عِظَمِ شَأْنِ المَوْعُودِ وخُرُوجِهِ عَنِ الحَدِّ المَعْهُودِ.

‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ البادِئِينَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ والمُعْتَدِينَ في الِانْتِقامِ.

‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏

And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ أيْ: بَعْدَ ما ظُلِمَ، وقَدْ قُرِئَ بِهِ.

‏‏‏‏‏‏ إشارَةٌ إلى "مَن" بِاعْتِبارِ المَعْنى كَما أنَّ الضَّمِيرَيْنِ لَها بِاعْتِبارِ اللَّفْظِ.

‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ بِالمُعاتَبَةِ أوِ المُعاقَبَةِ.

‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏

The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ يَبْتَدِئُونَهم بِالإضْرارِ أوْ يَعْتَدُونَ في الِانْتِقامِ.

‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ أيْ: يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِيها تَجَبُّرًا وفَسادًا.

‏‏‏‏‏ المَوْصُوفُونَ بِما ذُكِرَ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ والبَغْيِ بِغَيْرِ الحَقِّ.

‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ بِسَبَبِ ظُلْمِهِمْ وبَغْيِهِمْ.

‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏

And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [requiring] determination.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏

And he whom Allah sends astray - for him there is no protector beyond Him. And you will see the wrongdoers, when they see the punishment, saying, "Is there for return [to the former world] any way?"

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏

And you will see them being exposed to the Fire, humbled from humiliation, looking from [behind] a covert glance. And those who had believed will say, "Indeed, the [true] losers are the ones who lost themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, the wrongdoers are in an enduring punishment."

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏

And there will not be for them any allies to aid them other than Allah. And whoever Allah sends astray - for him there is no way.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏

Respond to your Lord before a Day comes from Allah of which there is no repelling. No refuge will you have that day, nor for you will there be any denial.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏

But if they turn away - then We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], over them as a guardian; upon you is only [the duty of] notification. And indeed, when We let man taste mercy from us, he rejoices in it; but if evil afflicts him for what his hands have put forth, then indeed, man is ungrateful.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏ ‏‏‏‏‏‏ ‏

To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He creates what he wills. He gives to whom He wills female [children], and He gives to whom He wills males.

إرشاد العقل السليمAbū al-Suʿūd

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You read 42:40–49 Just this one The next passage

The same ayah, in another commentary

Ash-Shūrā 42:40